![]() Yet, Candela's propensity for geometric experimentation led to the development of hexagonal 6-edged umbrellas capable of supporting parabolic discontinuities bisecting each tympan into two separate leaves for projects such as the Villahermosa Cathedral. The iconic 4-edged square hypar umbrella became one of Candela most defining works due to its structural efficiency, economical constructability, and striking elegance. However, 12-leaved hexagonal umbrellas adopting parabolic discontinuities suffer from disruptions in the flow of internal forces which ultimately yield a less efficient design.Ībstract = "Flix Candela was a celebrated builder of thin concrete hyperbolic paraboloidal (hypar) shells with a lasting legacy on the rationalist architectural movement of the 20th century. Unlike square umbrellas, critical bending moments are not sensitive to the edge rise for hexagonal 6-leaved variants with a constant projected area. ![]() Finite element modelling revealed that hexagonal umbrellas exhibit markedly reduced deflections and stresses relative to equivalent square and triangular geometries, which are inversely related to the rise-to-area ratio. In response, this paper presents a parametric investigation into the behaviour of 6-edged umbrellas, with and without parabolic bisectors, based on the proposed Villahermosa Cathedral. Despite their artistic appearance, the structural performance of such topologies has never been subjected to rigorous analysis. ![]() Félix Candela was a celebrated builder of thin concrete hyperbolic paraboloidal (hypar) shells with a lasting legacy on the rationalist architectural movement of the 20th century. ![]()
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